Iterambere ryihuse ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga rihindura cyane umurimo wabantu nubuzima bwabo. Yatezimbere cyane imikorere yakazi kandi ituma ubuzima bwa buri munsi bworoha kandi bworoshye, ariko kandi bwazanye ibibazo bishya byumutekano, nkibibazo byumutekano biterwa no gukoresha nabi ikoranabuhanga. Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, 76% by'abayobozi ba IT bavuze ko mu mwaka ushize ibangamiye sisitemu z'umutekano z'umubiri byiyongereye. Muri icyo gihe, impuzandengo y'ibihombo nayo yiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara. Raporo ya IBM ivuga ko mu 2024, igereranyo cy’igihombo ku mishinga kuri buri kibazo cyo kutubahiriza amakuru (nko guhagarika ubucuruzi, gutakaza abakiriya, igisubizo cyakurikiyeho, amafaranga yemewe n’amategeko yubahirizwa, n’ibindi) bizaba bingana na miliyoni 4.88 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bikiyongeraho 10% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize.
Nkumurongo wambere wokwirinda kurinda umutekano wumutungo wibigo nabakozi, umurimo wibanze wa sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo (guha abakoresha bagenewe kugera ahantu hagabanijwe mugihe babuza abakozi batabifitiye uburenganzira kwinjira) birasa nkibyoroshye, ariko amakuru atunganya nibyingenzi kandi byoroshye. Kubwibyo, umutekano wa sisitemu yo kugenzura ni ngombwa cyane. Ibigo bigomba guhera mubitekerezo rusange kandi byubaka sisitemu yumutekano yuzuye, harimo no gukoresha uburyo bunoze kandi bwizewe bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibibazo by’umutekano bigenda byiyongera.
Iyi ngingo izasesengura isano iri hagati ya sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo bwo kugenzura no gucunga umutekano w’urusobe, kandi isangire ibitekerezo bifatika byo kuzamura umutekano w’urusobe rwa sisitemu yo kugenzura.
Isano iri hagati ya sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo bwo kugenzura (PACS) numutekano wurusobe
Isano iri hagati yo kugenzura umubiri (PACS) numutekano wurusobe
Sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo bwawe bwigenga cyangwa ihujwe nizindi sisitemu z'umutekano cyangwa ndetse na sisitemu ya IT, gushimangira umutekano wa sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda umutekano rusange w’ikigo, cyane cyane umutekano w’urusobe.Umuyobozi mukuru wa Steven, Umuyobozi w’inganda zishinzwe kugenzura no gushushanya ibishushanyo mbonera, HID Access Control Solutions Business (Aziya y'Amajyaruguru, Uburayi na Ositaraliya), yerekanye ko buri murongo uhuza uburyo bwogukwirakwiza amakuru ku buryo bworoshye bwo gutangiza amakuru. Ibigo ntibikeneye gusuzuma gusa umutekano wa buri kintu ubwacyo, ahubwo bigomba no kwitondera ingaruka zishobora guhura nazo mugihe cyo guhererekanya amakuru hagati yibice kugirango umutekano urinde umutekano urangire kugeza ku ndunduro.
Kubwibyo, turasaba ko hashyirwaho urwego "rwibanze-rwateye imbere" rushingiye kumutekano nyirizina ukenera uruganda, ni ukuvuga, kubanza gushyiraho urwego rwumutekano, hanyuma tukawuzamura buhoro buhoro no kurutezimbere kugirango urinde sisitemu yo kugenzura no gucunga umutekano.
1. Ibyangombwa (ikarita-ikarita yo gusoma amakuru yohereza amakuru)
Ibyibanze: Ibyangombwa (harimo amakarita yo kugenzura bisanzwe, ibyangombwa bigendanwa, nibindi) numurongo wambere wo kwirwanaho kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura umubiri. Turasaba ko ibigo byahitamo ikorana buhanga rifite ibanga rikomeye kandi bigoye kwigana, nk'amakarita y'ubwenge ya 13.56MHz hamwe na encryption ya dinamike kugirango yongere ukuri; amakuru abitswe ku ikarita agomba guhishwa kandi akarindwa, nka AES 128, akaba aribisanzwe mubucuruzi bwubu. Mugihe cyo kwemeza indangamuntu, amakuru yatanzwe kuva mubyemezo kubasoma ikarita agomba kandi gukoresha protocole y'itumanaho ryihishe kugirango abuze amakuru kwiba cyangwa kwangizwa mugihe cyoherejwe.
Iterambere: Umutekano wibyangombwa urashobora kurushaho kunozwa ukoresheje ingamba zingenzi zo gucunga no guhitamo igisubizo cyacengewe kandi cyemejwe nundi muntu.
2. Umusomyi w'amakarita (Umusomyi-Umugenzuzi wohereza amakuru)
Shingiro: Umusomyi wikarita nikiraro hagati yicyangombwa nuwagenzuye. Birasabwa guhitamo ikarita isoma ikarita ya 13.56MHz ikarita yubwenge ikoresha ibanga rya dinamike kugirango yongere ukuri kandi ifite ibikoresho byizewe byo kubika urufunguzo rwibanga. Kohereza amakuru hagati yumusomyi wikarita nuwabigenzuye bigomba gukorwa hifashishijwe umuyoboro woguhuza amakuru kugirango wirinde kwangiza cyangwa kwiba.
Iterambere: Kuvugurura no kuzamura umusomyi wikarita bigomba gucungwa binyuze mubisabwa byemewe byo kubungabunga (ntabwo ari ikarita iboneza) kugirango harebwe niba software hamwe nibikoresho byabasomyi b'amakarita bihora mumutekano.
3. Umugenzuzi
Shingiro: Umugenzuzi ashinzwe guhuza ibyangombwa nabasoma amakarita, gutunganya no kubika amakuru yoroheje yo kugenzura amakuru. Turasaba ko washyira mugenzuzi mugukingira umutekano wumutekano, guhuza LAN yigenga itekanye, no guhagarika izindi interineti zishobora guteza ibyago (nka USB na SD ikarita, hamwe no kuvugurura software hamwe nibisabwa mugihe gikwiye) mugihe bidakenewe.
Iterambere: Aderesi ya IP yonyine niyo ishobora guhuza umugenzuzi, kandi ikemeza ko encryption ikoreshwa mukurinda amakuru kuruhuka no gutambuka kugirango turusheho kunoza umutekano.
4. Kugera kuri seriveri ya seriveri hamwe nabakiriya
Shingiro: Seriveri nu mukiriya ni base base nububiko bukora bwa sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo, ishinzwe gufata amajwi no gufasha amashyirahamwe guhindura no guhindura igenamiterere. Umutekano wimpande zombi ntushobora kwirengagizwa. Birasabwa kwakira seriveri hamwe nabakiriya mumutekano wihariye wibanze waho (VLAN) hanyuma ugahitamo igisubizo cyujuje ubuzima bwiterambere rya software (SDLC).
Iterambere: Hashingiwe kuri, mugusobora amakuru ahamye hamwe namakuru muri transit, ukoresheje tekinoroji yumutekano wurusobe nka firewall hamwe na sisitemu yo gutahura kwinjira kugirango urinde umutekano wa seriveri nabakiriya, kandi buri gihe ukora ivugurura rya sisitemu no gusana intege nke kugirango wirinde ko hackers zidakoresha intege nke za sisitemu zo gutera.
Umwanzuro
Muri iki gihe ibidukikije bigenda byiyongera, guhitamo umufasha mwiza wa PACS (sisitemu yo kugenzura umubiri) ni ngombwa nko guhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza.
Muri iki gihe cya digitale nubwenge, sisitemu yo kugenzura uburyo bwumubiri hamwe numutekano wurusobe bifitanye isano rya bugufi. Ibigo bigomba guhera mubitekerezo rusange, hitabwa kumutekano wumubiri nu rusobe, no kubaka sisitemu yumutekano yuzuye. Muguhitamo igisubizo cya PACS cyujuje ubuziranenge bwumutekano, urashobora kubaka umurongo uhamye wumutekano muri entreprise yawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-09-2025
