Uburyo bwo kubaka sisitemu za intercom bushobora kugabanywamo sisitemu za analog, sisitemu za digitale na sisitemu za SIP hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'ikoranabuhanga. None se abakoresha bahitamo bate muri izi sisitemu eshatu? Ibi bikurikira ni intangiriro y'izi sisitemu eshatu abakoresha bahitamo nk'icyitegererezo.
Sisitemu 1 ya analoge intercom
Ibyiza:
Igiciro gito: igiciro gito cy'ibikoresho n'ikiguzi cyo kubishyiraho, bikwiranye n'imishinga mito ifite ingengo y'imari nto.
Ikoranabuhanga rikuze: imirongo ihamye, kubungabunga byoroshye, igipimo cyo hasi cyo gutsindwa.
Ikora neza mu gihe nyacyo: nta gutinda mu kohereza amajwi, nta buziranenge buhamye bwo guhamagara.
Ibibi:
Umumaro umwe: ushyigikira gusa guhamagara no gufungura by'ibanze, kandi ntushobora kwagura imikorere y'ubwenge (nk'amashusho, uburyo bwo kugenzura kure).
Insinga zigoye: insinga z'amajwi n'amashusho n'insinga z'amashanyarazi zigomba gushyirwa ukwazo, kandi kwaguka cyangwa guhinduka biragoye.
Kurwanya ingaruka mbi: bishobora guterwa n’ingaruka mbi z’amashanyarazi (nk’ibikoresho bikomeye by’amashanyarazi), kugabanuka kw’ibimenyetso byo kohereza amakuru mu ntera ndende biragaragara.
Uburyo bwo kwaguka budahagije: ntibushobora guhuzwa n'izindi sisitemu (nk'uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira, gukurikirana).
Ingero zifatika: ingero zihendutse zisaba ubufasha nk'abaturage ba kera n'inyubako nto zo guturamo.
Sisitemu ya intercom y'ikoranabuhanga (intercom ya IP)
Ibyiza:
Imirimo ikungahaye: ishyigikira videwo yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, gufungura kure, gutangaza amakuru, ikoranabuhanga rya cat-eye n'indi mirimo y'ubwenge.
Insinga zoroshye: Zoherezwa binyuze kuri Ethernet (PoE power supply) cyangwa Wi-Fi, bigabanya ikiguzi cy'insinga.
Uburyo bwo kwaguka bukomeye: bushobora guhuza uburyo bwo kugenzura ubwinjiriro, gukurikirana, gutanga inzogera n'izindi sisitemu, bugashyigikira uburyo bwo kugenzura porogaramu za telefoni zigendanwa.
Kurwanya cyane imvururu: kohereza ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga birahamye, bikwiriye abaturage benshi cyangwa abantu basanzwe babikora kure.
Ibibi:
Igiciro kiri hejuru: ishoramari rinini mu bikoresho n'ibikorwa remezo by'umuyoboro (switches, routers).
Biterwa n'umuyoboro: guhagarara k'umuyoboro bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya sisitemu, kandi bandwidth n'umutekano bigomba kwemezwa.
Imiterere igoye: Gukemura ibibazo by’ubumenyi bw’ikoranabuhanga birakenewe, kandi urwego rwo kubungabunga ruri hejuru.
Ibintu bifatika: amazu yo guturamo yo hagati kugeza ku manini, inyubako z'ubucuruzi, imidugudu y'ubwenge n'ibindi bintu bisaba guhuza ibikorwa byinshi.
Sisitemu ya SIP intercom (ishingiye kuri protocole ya VoIP)
Ibyiza:
Ikorana neza cyane: Hashingiwe kuri protocole isanzwe ya SIP, ishobora guhuzwa neza na sisitemu z'itumanaho zisanzwe (nka IPPBX, softphone).
Guhuza abantu hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya kure: Bifasha guhamagara abantu hakoreshejwe interineti (urugero nko guhuza ikigo cy’amazu na telefoni zigendanwa z’abaturage).
Gukoresha mu buryo bworoshye: Nta bikoresho byihariye bikenewe, kandi umuyoboro wa IP usanzwe ukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo ugabanye ikiguzi cy'insinga.
Uburyo bwo kwagura: Byoroshye guhuza n'izindi terminal za SIP (nk'amashusho, aho guhamagara).
Ibibi:
Biterwa n'ubwiza bwa network: Gutinda cyangwa bandwidth idahagije bishobora gutera guhagarara kw'abahamagara ndetse no kudakora videwo.
Ingaruka z'umutekano: Hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bwo gukumira ibitero bya interineti (firewalls), uburyo bwo gushakisha amakuru n'izindi ngamba kugira ngo hirindwe ibitero bya interineti (nk'uburyo bwo kumviriza amakuru ku rubuga, DoS).
Ihindagurika ry'ibiciro: Niba hakenewe garanti y'umutekano mwinshi cyangwa QoS, ikiguzi cyo kuyikoresha gishobora kwiyongera.
Ibintu bifatika: Ibintu bisaba ko abantu babasha kugera kure cyangwa guhuzwa na sisitemu z'itumanaho ry'ibigo (nk'inyubako z'ibiro, ibitaro, ibigo by'amashuri makuru).
Ibyifuzo byo guhitamo abakoresha:
Ingengo y'imari nto, imirimo yoroshye: hitamo sisitemu ya analogi.
Kwaguka mu buryo bw'ubwenge kandi bw'ejo hazaza: hitamo sisitemu ya interineti y'ikoranabuhanga.
Gucunga kure cyangwa guhuza na sisitemu y'ikigo: hitamo sisitemu ya SIP.
Mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa nyaryo, imiterere y'umuyoboro, ubushobozi bwo kubungabunga nyuma yo kuwubungabunga ndetse n'ibyo umukoresha akeneye nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Mata 2025